Pyramids have been excavated for about the last 200 years. Some Egyptologists have different opinions on why the ancient Egyptian Kings built pyramids as their tombs. Most of them are on the western side of the River Nile. The ancient Greeks called the Great Pyramid one of the seven wonders of the world. It has the body of a Lion and the head of a Pharaoh. However, by 1000 BC, many of the pyramids had been robbed of their precious treasures.Ī large statue of a Sphinx stands near the pyramids at Giza. Tomb thieves were punished by death if they were caught. Pyramids usually had traps to stop thieves from escaping easily. Many valuable items were buried with the dead Pharaohs, in the hope that they would take them to the afterlife. Inside the Great Pyramid, famous man-made objects have been found from ancient times. More recent evidence suggests that the workers who built the pyramids were paid and well-cared for. People once thought pyramids were built by slaves. Herodotus was told by his Egyptian guides that it took twenty years for a force of 100,000 slaves to build the pyramid (with another ten years to build a stone causeway that connected to a temple in the valley below). The Great Pyramid was built by the pharaoh Khufu (= Cheops) from the Ancient Egyptian Old Kingdom. It was the tallest building in the world until the Eiffel Tower was built in Paris, in 1889. The largest one was the Great Pyramid of Giza. It was built for King Djoser thousands of years ago. It is in the Giza Necropolis in Saqqara, near Cairo, Egypt. The oldest man-made pyramid found is called the Step pyramid. The ancient Egyptian pyramids are very well built. They were usually built to be used as tombs for Pharaohs.
In Egypt, kings and queens, called Pharaohs, were buried in the tombs of huge square-bottomed pyramids built of stone.
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